Undoubtedly, one of the wishes of the workers is to end their career as soon as possible, while at the same time guaranteeing a sufficiently large retirement pension. If it is intended to be done before the ordinary retirement age, this will only be achieved through early retirement, a mechanism that has undergone recent changes.
The ‘Escrivá reform’ of pensions set itself the goal of aligning (64 years old) to (66 years and two months, who currently have a lag of more than two years. For this it is essential to lengthen the working career of workers and one of the battlefields of the planning of the Minister of Inclusion, Social Security and Migration is to encourage the permanence of workers in the labor market.
One of the options is to make early retirement less attractive in certain cases. To this end, new reduction coefficients have been introduced that compensate the advance in retirement with reductions in the amount of retirement pensions.
In the first place, the nature of these coefficients has been modified, so that they have become monthly and applicable to the amount of the pension. Before, they were quarterly and were applied on the worker’s regulatory basis. This is important because in some cases the coefficients will be applied to amounts smaller than those that would apply with the previous system.
Secondly, the reductions themselves have also been modified. With the approval of the ‘Escrivá reform’, reduction coefficients have been signed that, although they are very favorable in a large part of the cases, have been aimed at penalizing very specific early retirements following this objective of encouraging permanence in the market employee labor.
Specifically, penalized early voluntary retirements (those made at the worker’s will and allowing advances of up to two years with respect to the retirement age) have been those that occur very close to the ordinary retirement age (that is, with few months in advance) and those that occur further from the ordinary retirement age (within the maximum number of months allowed by the regulations).
The reason is clear: in the first case, the aim is to push workers to retire when they reach the ordinary retirement age, while in the second, early retirement is encouraged with fewer months in advance (and better coefficients and, therefore, fewer cuts). ).
The resulting reduction coefficients after the ‘Escrivá reform’ were collected in the text of Law 21/2021, of December 28 (which can be consulted ). As before the reform, the reduction coefficients depend both on the duration of the worker’s career and on the time of early retirement, and leave cases in which, compared to the previous ones, the current ones penalize more early retirement. retirement.
Workers with less than 38 years and six months of contributions
The most penalized early retirements with the new coefficients are those made 24 and 23 months before retirement age, since they go from 16% to 21% and 17.60%. They are followed by those made with an advance of one, two and three months: from a 2% reduction they go to 3.26%, 3.38% and 3.52%.
Workers with between 38 years and six months and 41 years and six months of contributions
Also, the early retirements most affected by the changes are those that take place 24 and 23 months before: from 15% rise to 19% and 16.50% reduction, respectively. In the case of pensions with one, two and three months in advance, it goes from 1.9% to 3.11%, 3.23% and 3.36%.
Workers between 41 years and six months and 44 years and six months
Retirements with 24 and 23 months in advance go from having a reduction of 14% to one of 17% and 15%. Those made with one, two and three months in advance go from a 1.8% reduction to 2.96%, 3.08% and 3.20%, respectively.
Workers with more than 44 years and six months of contributions
In this case, only early retirements made one, two or three months before the ordinary retirement age are affected: they go from a 1.6% cut to 2.81%, 2.92% and a 3.04%, respectively.
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