Many of the require a static or as they are also known, so it is necessary to be able to configure it to guarantee optimal operation.
Mainly the IPs of these devices are dynamicbut in many cases it is necessary that this be fixed and do not changeespecially when looking to access the same board from different devices.
It is important to note that to achieve this it is necessary to apply it to the Raspberry Pi private IP address, to the computer that locates it and the. Therefore, here we teach you how to carry out this procedure.
What are the benefits and utilities of having a fixed IP on your Raspberry Pi single-board computer?
All devices that make use of a network are identified by a unique IP on the network, that’s how through that IP adress Devices can be easily connected. This is usually of two types, either dynamic or static the dynamics as its name says they will change every time the device is rebootedwhile the static ones They remain fixed despite reboots.
In this way fixed IPs are much more reliable for those cases where services that depend on a stable internet connectionThat is why they are generally used for construction projects. , for game consoles, or for . And it is that thanks to these IP you will be able to use the same address every time you connect to your Raspberry Pi.
When this is not configured and therefore you stay with your dynamic IP, You are simply going to have problems every time you go to access your files or turn on the lights of your house or connect to your serversince the IP has changed and you will not be able to establish any communication with your board.
Therefore, being able to have a fixed IP address It will allow you to have services that are directed directly to the IP. So it is an essential part if you want to convert your Raspberry Pi on a web server or VPN. So that you can understand this a little better, these IP addresses are used by the Internet sites, mail servers, public FTP, web page servers, since they constantly need to be connected to the Internet and this will be what will allow them to be located on the network.
What should I keep in mind before assigning a static IP to my Raspberry Pi?
Taking into account everything mentioned above in the post, now you should know what you need to know before assign a static IP to your monoboard. Keep in mind that this procedure must be carried out with great attention and care, since a simple mistake will make everything go wrong. So the first thing you’re going to do is connect to your network in order to know the values that you have to place beyond the IP.
When you have managed to connect and verify that you have Internet, then you will have to execute “ip addr” in the terminal in order to obtain the data that is displayed on the screen:
- As you can see in the previous image, you can see the network interfaces of the board, and if you can see some connected to the network, some values of it. In this case, the ones that really matter are the wth0 and wlan0. In the case of Eth0 it is the network cable and wlan0 of the WiFi network. While the value of internet It will indicate the IP that is currently assigned followed by /24.
- After this you only need to know what the gateway and DNS to have everything correct and thus avoid inconveniences when assigning the fixed IP to the Raspberry Pi. Therefore, in order to know what the gateway is, it will be necessary to execute the command ip router show In the terminal.
- It is also necessary know the value of DNS, this value will be obtained by consulting the content of the /etc/resolv.conf file. The easiest way to access the content is running the command cat /etc/resolv.conf in the terminal.
From there you can get the dns where does it say nameserver. This is important if you want to surf the Internet, so it is used to leave everything configured. After this, all the necessary data will be there, knowing the IP that has the Raspberry Pi You will be able to get an idea of which one you can assign without creating inconveniences. It The most recommended in these cases is always to place numbers that are highbut being careful not to reach the limit.
That is why it is recommended to only change the last number of IP address for another. Note that this number must always be less than 254, since the maximum is 255 and 254 are reserved. In this case, it is assigned the eth0 interface the IP 192.168.1.139so a new IP will be set, in this case it will be: 192.168.1.250as you can see, the only number that is modified is the last one and by a much higher number in order to avoid inconveniences.
All other data should be left as is. For this case it will be set as fixed ip eth0 interface Since it is the one with the network cable, it will offer better performance and fewer problems when establishing communication with the Raspberry Pi. Now if you only have the board connected via Wi-Fithen it is necessary to select the wlan0 interface. After this, everything will be ready to start this procedure.
Learn step by step how to configure a static IP on your Raspberry Pi mini computer from scratch
Once you have everything ready to carry out the configuration of a Static IP on your mini computer, the next thing to do is start the procedurebut first you should know that there are several methods of doing this.
That is why we are going to show you the different ways in which you can configure your fixed IP on the Raspberry Pi and thus be able to carry out different types of projects:
Redirect to a static IP
In the case of these microcomputers that are used to carry out different types of projects, it is necessary to have a fixed IPsince it will be needed when wanting turn your motherboard into a server or any other project that requires a static IP address.
In the case of redirect to a static IPIt is important to mention that there is a difference between the redirection of the computer to a public network and a local private network. Therefore, it is essential that one not confuse what they are private IP addresses with public ones, But so that you can understand all this better, here we are going to explain each of these redirects.
Redirect a LAN with a private IP address
In the local networks the router It is the main one in charge of distributing the data between the different devices, but it must also be in charge of the allocation of IP addresses, specifically the one integrated in it. In the case of DHCP It is in charge of being able to automatically assign IP addresses to each of the corresponding devices. While devices like Raspberry Pi, mobile devices or Smart TV they get an IP address with which they can communicate with other devices.
All units will be identified in a unique way through the MAC address. These private IP addresses They are known like this since in a private network the IPs are assigned in a single with DHCP and that the pairing of devices of the same IP will only be allowed within your local network, but depending on the DHCP You can change this private IP address of each computer. In this way to be able enter raspberry pi in a local network always with the same address, it is necessary to provide it with a private fixed IP.
fixed addresses are used for remote maintenance of the equipment with the purpose of SSH protocol. If you have installed the ssh programyou will be able to use it to remotely control your Raspberry Pi from any computer. This will allow you not to have to connect a separate monitor and input device. But if the board only has a private dynamic address, it will have to be searched for and found every time you want to connect to the ssh clientwhile with the private fixed line this is done directly.
According to all this, it is very important to be able to have a private fixed IP address if you want to use the microcomputer as a server within your local network. Also, if you are creating a project where you require that your raspberry pi is easily accessible outside the local network, then you must make sure to assign it another fixed address so that it is accessible from the Internet. For this case it is recommended to use public static IP addresses or DDNS servers.
Access your microcomputer on the Internet through public IP or DDNS
If what you need is that you raspberries is accessible as a server on the Internet, then you will need a public IP address of your Internet connection. It must be taken into account that almost all Internet connections have a dynamic IP address which will change every time there is a restart on the computer, and mostly they change every 24 hours. Consequently, the public IP also changes with which the board can be accessed.
This means that if you want to use the raspberry pi As a server this will cause you problems, because when the server receives a new IP address You will only be able to access it within the local network. If you are outside the local network, you cannot know the address with which your server is accessed. Due to this, the best and most feasible thing is to have a fixed IP address, The easiest way to do this is to use the Internet connection with a public fixed IP address.
However, it should be mentioned that this is not an easy task, since they are usually expensive and not all Internet providers offer it. As an alternative to all this you can use a Dynamic DNS (DDNS), this will allow the public dynamic IP address link to a domain name. Then every time you change the address, the program directs the new address to the domain name, and in this way you can make it permanently available on the Internet.
This means that if the server on Raspberry Pi connects through the domain name, then this will always be available online. Today many solutions can be found free and paid DDNS, but keep in mind that before purchasing one you must make sure that the DDNS providers are compatible with your router.
Assign private fixed IP
Most routers usually allow within the local network that one can be assigned fixed IP address individually to different devices, That is why they are very appropriate when having to grant a fixed IP to Raspberry Pi. In the case of configuring a fixed IP address for the Raspberry Pi, it will vary depending on the router you have, although it will almost always be the same.
The first thing to do is access the router’s user interface from your preferred browser and there you will configure it manually to link the Raspberry Pi with one on your local network. There you will get a check box which you will mark. Checking it will activate the assigned IP address…
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