One of the most common uses for the is to convert them into , This is how these microcomputers will be of great help if you are looking for create your own DNS Server.
It must be taken into account that the are a fundamental part todaythey will allow you convert domains to or vice versa, host websites, distinguish them by names or give a name to network devices.
As you can see they are really important since basically they are used all the time. This is how we are going to teach you here how to create and configure a DNS Server with Raspberry Pi.
What is a DNS server and what is it for in Internet networks?
before wanting create your own DNS server, It is very important that you really know what it is and what it is for in internet networks. In this way, it should be mentioned that it is a domain name system which is oriented towards networks based on IP addresses. While users enter domain names like in the address bar, computers take care of use to communicate.
In this way to be able ensure mutual understanding it will be necessary to translate that domain name, all this is possible through a DNS server, although it must be borne in mind that the browser consults its cache beforehand to find out if you already know the address and that way you can save the process of querying the name server. If the team does not know it, then the request will be sent to one or more dns servers, the first server that is consulted is that of the Internet provider.
Which will check the request against its database in order to deliver a result if it gets a match. If for some reason there is no record for that domain in your database, the request will go to one of the 13 root name servers on the Internet. where all the addresses of the . It is important to note that most of internet participants, they don’t own one.
This is because most of the providers of this service usually assign dynamic IP addresses, that is, they change every 24 hours. After this time, there is a brief interruption of the Internet connection and the user then receives his new address. It should be mentioned that this is a procedure that does not generate any type of problem, since it is very rare that clients end up receiving requests from the outside of the local network
In this case only the clients send requests to the server and not vice versa. It should also be taken into account that in some cases as a or a game server, power is necessary set up your own server and for this, what is a dynamic DNS is used, since the home server receives a domain from the provider with which it is always available. Now if what you are looking for is to access the DNS Server from abroad at any time, then the option of using a DDNS.
What are the benefits of creating your own DNS server on a Raspberry Pi?
no doubt power create your own DNS server on a Raspberry Pi It will be of great help to you, especially since these plates are usually quite affordable, so you can save a lot of money. Furthermore, the reasons for using a own DNS server instead of searching IP addresses on other servers they may be different.
In this case it is considered that installing a home server could be a very effective solution if within an rlocal ed different people and devices access the Internet, as it happens when a family is big and all of them use the network connection or when it is used in an office with several employees or it is shared with other families.
Therefore, the main benefits that this brings are the following:
- Speed: When no entry is found in the browser’s cache, a web request can go through different routers and servers before the content that has been requested reaches the client, this waiting time is milliseconds, if you do not have to establish a new connection to the DNS of the Internet providerthis entire process can be generated even faster.
- Advertising filter: In this case the ad blockers or as they are also known ad blockers resort to what is the list of web servers likely to be blocked, but in the case of home DNS servers they can do it too. This allows all devices on the local network to be released from advertising with a single gesture without having to install extra software on each of the devices.
- Security: When a host is dns server you also have control over the records. Thus cyber criminals they do not relent in trying to get in the way of requests to the provider’s DNS server to deliver a fake IP addressIn this way, instead of the page that was intended to be opened, a false one is accessed. All this can turn out quite dangerous especially if digital banking services are used because private account data is entered, which cybercriminals can use to access the account and commit theft.
- Privacy: It must be borne in mind that the operation of the domain name system is based on sending requests to external services, which generates Fingerprints that many of the users prefer to avoid. By using a own DNS much of the data is going to remain private.
- Parental control: Everything that works for advertising can also be applied to the protection of minors. In this case a dns server Self-managed allows you to block servers that offer inappropriate content, so it is useful when there are many users on the local network who are children or young people and can access this type of content.
- Learning: Finally, it can be said that the vast majority of users install a own DNS server with the intention of being able to better understand how the Internet works, since not everyone is satisfied with knowing how to turn on a computer and access the Internet, but rather they seek to go one step further. That is why one way to understand all this technology is by creating a DNS Server with a Raspberry Pimainly because it is a fairly simple process to achieve.
What do I need to turn my Raspberry Pi into a domain name server?
If you have made the decision to create your domain name server with your Raspberry Pi, then you should keep in mind that for this you will need to meet some requirements.
Which we will show you below:
- The first thing you should have is a micro SD card that has the installed.
- Have a ethernet connection to router.
- Client SSH.
- Feeding by micro USB cable.
when you meet these four requirements that we have named you, you will be completely ready to start with installing the DNS server on your Raspberry Pi.
Learn step by step how to configure your Raspberry Pi board as a DNS server from scratch and without errors
In this example it will be based the DNS server in BIND, it is a which goes back to Berkeley Internet Name Domain Serverwhich is currently in its ninth version and has the support of the Internet Software Consortium (ISC) For their develpment. Therefore, before starting this procedure it is important that you make sure that your raspberry pi get one static IP address within the local network.
The first thing you will have to do is enter the network configuration, for this enter the following command line:
- sudo nano /etc/network/interfaces
And there you will have to assign to the Raspberry Pi a unique IP address. Here it is important to keep in mind that nano is a simple Linux editor, so its installation on the board is practically essential. After this you can start with the BIND installation. In this case it is not only important to carry out the installation of the program, it is important install bind9utils packagessince despite not being essential, it contains tools that are very useful for the maintenance of the dns server.
Therefore, in order to carry out the installation of the entire package, you must enter the following command line:
- sudo apt-get install bind9 bind9utils dnsutils
When you have done this, bind9 will already be installed on the systembut despite this it is still necessary to carry out some settings before starting to use the Raspberry Pi as a DNS server.
Accordingly, it will be necessary to open the bind9 configuration file using this command:
- sudo nano /etc/bind/named.conf.local
Once there you will have to configure two sections, one for what will be the direct search (Forward lookup), where the IP address will be searched from the domain, and one for the reverse (Reverse lookup):
sudo nano /etc/bind/named.conf.local zone “home.lan” IN { type master; file “/etc/bind/db.home.lan”; }; zone “1.168.192.in-addr.arpa” { type master; file “/etc/bind/db.rev.1.168.192.in-addr.arpa”; };
As you can see in the code, two different files are used (db.home.lan and db.rev.1.168.192.in-addr.arpa) to define the two zones, but first you must create them. Keep in mind that you have the possibility to freely decide what you want to call them, but they must always appear in the same way each time it is necessary.
In order to create the file for the direct search zone (db.home.lan) it will be necessary to add the following command lines:
sudo nano /etc/bind/db.home.lan lan. IN SOA raspberry.home.lan. hostmaster.home.lan. ( 2017081401 ; serial 8H ; refresh 4H ; retry 4W ; expire 1D ; minimum ) lan. IN NS raspberry.home.lan. lan. IN MX 10 raspberry.home.lan. localhost IN A 127.0.0.1 raspberry IN A 192.168.1.31 router IN A 192.168.1.1
In the case of the last two lines correspond to the IP address of your Raspberry Pi, to which a static IP address and that of your router have been assigned at the beginning, so you will have to modify it. You must remember that domain names must always be closed with a period, such as: raspberry.home.lan. Now at the beginning of the file, after the serial number (serial) the duration of the time interval between regular actions will have to be defined.
Both the NS and MX data They will indicate that both the name server and the mail server are made available by the Raspberry Pi. It is important that you keep in mind that at the beginning of the file you must always indicate a serial number, for which it has been consolidated the format YYYYMMDDXX which will correspond to the sequence year-month-day, to which is added a serial number that increases as versions are created on the same day.
Then you must create the reverse lookup zone file (db.rev.1.168.192.in-addr.arpa) for this you will have to add the following command lines:
sudo nano /etc/bind/db.rev.1.168.192.in-addr.arpa @ IN SOA raspberry.home.lan. hostmaster.home.lan. ( 2017081401 ; serial 8H ; refresh 4H ;…
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