Everytime that enter with your computer or mobile to read a news item in a newspaper, or you want to know the weather forecast for the weekend you are using, without knowing it, a .
It doesn’t matter if you connect from home or at work, in any computer network you will have an IP established so that you can be identified and the activity you do is known.
If you have heard about this topic and want to know what it is about, this post is ideal for you. We will teach you the different types of IP and how they are composed.
What is an IP address and what is it used for in computer networks?
The IP address is a that is made up of a set of 32-bit numbers. It is used to establish an order hierarchical and logical within a given computer network so that two devices can connect to each other. When you connect to a network, whether wireless or wired, the administrator of that network can identify you based on the IP number you have..
Therefore, all the steps and activities that you carry out within that network will remain recorded and registered under the number assigned to your device. Many people confuse a IP address with a , which has 48 bits. Every time an electronic device is made that can connect to the Internet a unique number is added to the network cardwhich is used to identify the computer when browsing the web. This number is known as the MAC address..
Anatomy of an IP How are these addresses made up?
An IP address is made up of 4 octets which are separated by periods. These digits are divided into two groups, the first being used to identify the network and the second to know the host. Each octet can take decimal values between 0 to 255. According to the classification of the organization “Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers”the architecture of the IP addresses in three classes; “A”, “B” Y “C”.
The first establishes first octet to identify the network and the remaining 3 to identify the host. The second category divides 2 octets for the net and the other 2 to assign to the hostwhile the last classification divides the first 3 groups of digits to identify the network and the rest to the host.
Classification of IP addresses What are all the ones that exist?
There are different types of IP addresses, which are classified as:
public
It is assigned by the Internet service provider you contracted And it changes from time to time. It is used to identify the device that connects to the websites directly. Everyone who wishes can see this protocol number. In this way, the connection point of the computer or mobile that has been connected through a router can be established.
private
A private IP is granted by the router and serves to identify each device that connects to the home network. of which it is a part. Therefore, each computer that connects to the same network (of WiFi or LAN) shares the same public IPbut is assigned a unique private IP.
fixed
The companies that provide Internet services assign an IP when a client connects to the web. These addresses are modified every time the router is connected to the Internet. Nowadays, Telecommunications companies can assign a fixed IP to a certain client, for which they charge an extra price in the rate.
In this way, every time the user connects to the webwill keep the same internet protocol. This makes it possible increase privacy and establish a more dynamic communication, granted by privileges that are assigned by means of a dhcp server.
dynamics
Dynamic IPs are established by DHCP servers. They are offered through Internet service providers and are characterized by having a limited duration with each user. That is, from time to time PSI modify the protocol number to be assigned to another client.
In this way it takes less number of IPs, so the number of unused IPs is significantly reduced. Furthermore, it is ideal for the user to be able to modify manual your assigned IP and thus avoid restrictions that it has suffered in certain sites. This can be done by simply rebooting the router.
Subnet Masks
When a device connecting to a computer network needs to know if it can send data packets into or out of a subnet to which it belongs. To achieve this it is necessary to establish the scope that that device will have, so a netmask is used. This tool determines, in a specific way, which is the part of IP that belongs to the number of network and subnet and what other octets correspond to the host.
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