The operating system that we will talk about in this post is one of the open source software that offers the most advantages to users. This is due, in principle, to the saving of time that is generated in the process of operations and the little space it uses from memory and disk.
It is ideal for servers, since it has a wide capacity to process different operations at the same time. In addition, it has a manual that allows access to all the commands so that you can take full advantage of this OS.
If you want to become an expert in this system based on do not miss this article, since We will teach you to handle the most important controls. We will also indicate the most important concepts that you must know to handle FreeBDS.
What is FreeBDS and what is this operating system for?
FreeBDS is an operating system that was born in 1993 at the University of California and is characterized by being free and open source. Thus offers the option of being able to handle a significant number of requirements simultaneously that are made through user requests.
The architecture is based on x86. In versions of Intel SX and DX processors and also from AMD and Cyrix. This software is ideal for those companies that need to maximize profits, as is the case with , PS4 and Nintendo Switch. This is because it has more than 24 thousand applications that have desktop support. In addition, it has integrated environments and Internet server.
To be able to access a distribution of this operating system, you must enter its official site to download the update you are looking for in the form of a file or ISO images. It is compatible with and with any other UNIX-like OS. It has the advantage that you can find official documentation that will help you solve any problem you encounter.
What are the main features of the FreeBDS operating system? Why is it so special?
For more information about what this OS is about, We will show you below the most outstanding characteristics that it presents:
open source
FreeBDS bases its philosophy on an open, free and free code from Berkeley Software Distribution. It is a version of UNIX developed at the University of California. In this way, anyone can contribute to improve this robust operating system.
Completely based on 4.4BDS
This operating system is based on version 4.4BDS of the year 1994 that generated that the system is stable and that it can have a virtual memory through file management. In addition, it has unique characteristics with which there is the possibility of having one user or multi-users and dividing them into different hierarchies.
Bounce buffering
This feature refers to FreeBDS enables systems with more than 16 megabytes that operate independently efficient on DMA peripherals within the ISA architecture. This removes the memory access restriction on the first 16 megs.
Set Cache Buffer
Thanks to this characteristic, the programs have enough memory according to the management carried out by the software. Also, generates higher performance when accessing disks. So the work of adjusting the caches is left aside.
Various compatibility modules
FreeBDS is compatible with the execution of programs that have other operating systems, such as Linux, NetBDS, BDSI and SCO. In this way, it is achieved that users can access without the need to compile programs that were already made by this operating system.
dynamically loaded kernel
This is one of the main features in the goal of FreeBDS. Allows to save a lot of running time to access new directories without having to generate a new operating system kernel. In this way, complete subsystems can be created that will function as Kernel modules without having to distribute the codes or carry out procedures that are often complex in configuration and installation.
shared libraries
This generates savings in the storage disk and also in memory, since the programs reduce considerably in their size. This is because FreeBDS uses shared libraries with ELF advantages.
FreeBDS Basics What is the most important thing I need to know to learn how to use it?
We will show you below what are the basic concepts that you should know to know what is the most important thing about FreeBDS:
Synopsis
In order to learn the basics of the FreeBDS operating system or any other UNIX-like operating system, you will first need to know the goals of this project, the basics of why this OS is open source, and how to configure virtual consoles. In addition, it will help you to know read man pages found on the official website.
Virtual consoles and terminals
When you want to log in you will see:
- FreeBDS/amd64(pc3.example.org)(ttyv0)
- log in:
the first line It will indicate the system that is running with the version of FreeBDS. You will also find the Host name and the system console. Then you will have a second line that will tell you to log in according to the user you have. You must not forget that this OS is multi-user, so the software needs to know this information. Therefore, To start in FreeBDS you must enter the username and password. Then you will have to press Get in.
So that you can add users you will need, when you are installing the system, to use these lines:
- username
- Full name
- uid
- Login group
- Invite user into other groups?
- login class
- Shell
- Home directory
- Home directory permissions
- Use password-based authentication?
- Use an empty password?
- Use a random password?
- enter password
- Enter password again
- Lock out the account after creation?
Once entered, usually the user works with virtual consoles through the command line. Each console has a login indicator and is used to enter and work with different controls at the same time in each one, being able to change them with a combination of keys “Alt+F1” a “Alt+F8”. You must keep in mind that when you perform this combination, you will exit the screen. But the console will continue to be active executing the different commands.
When you want to make a change in the image format, you can choose 1024×768, 1280×1024 or any other size that fits the screen and graphics card. To be able to modify this change, you must use the module “VESA”.
Users and basic account management
As we told you before, FreeBDS has the possibility of accessing with multiple users. For this it is necessary that you know what user administration is like. The first thing you should know is that there are 3 account levels: system, superuser and user.
system account It is used for a security principle, since in this way the execution of commands that can affect the project is limited. It is used to run emails, servers and DNS. With respect to the root or superuser account, we can say that it is used to obtain unlimited privileges within the system. It is intended to be used only in those commands that require this user hierarchy, as it can cause major complications within FreeBDS.
Finally, user accounts remain. With these, daily tasks can be carried out where all the activities carried out under this name are registered.
The main components that have this type of accounts are:
- Username.
- Password.
- User ID number, called UID.
- group ID to which the user belongs. This is especially used to control access to system resources. It is called as GID.
- Extension that has the group to which the user belongs and that provides additional flexibility so that the system can be adapted to different preferences.
- password expiration. While passwords do not expire by time, but users can be scheduled to forcefully change their passwords after a period.
- account expiration. Just like passwords, accounts don’t expire either, but in some circumstances it’s necessary to set a deadline for them to cease to exist.
- User ID does not reflect the real name of the person using the system, so it is necessary to incorporate the full identification of the user. Which can have spaces and characters.
- The boot path must be set to a system directory. This is done so that each person who manages FreeBDS can save personal information and files in this home directory. It is generally used “/home/username” either “/usr/home/username”.
- user shell. This is an environment that is predetermined by the software. It serves to interact with it and in which the preferences are dumped to perform the task in a faster and more efficient way.
- With respect to Accounts administration there is a wide variety of commands that are used to accomplish this task. For example, with the command adduser the program updates automatically when a new user enters and allows you to create a home directory for this new person.
permissions
The permissions that FreeBDS uses are associated with each directory and file. They serve to remove actions from users so that they do not affect files used by the software or other people’s data.
An example of this is:
- Worth 00: No read, no write, no execute. In the directory will be “—”.
- 1 value: No read, no write, execute. The directory listing is “–x”.
- If the value is used 55 means the permission is: Read, not write, execute. “rx” will be the directory listing.
directory structure
The directory structure shows the hierarchy this has within FreeBDS. This means that the most important directory is rootnamed with “/”, contains the base directory when the operating system is booted. Inside this directory there is a mount point that contains additional files for the functionality of the OS.
Within the most common directories, in addition to the “/” that represents the root, we can name the following:
- /bin/: Used for multi-user or single-user environments.
- /boot/: Related to OS boot.
- /etc/: Used in script and system configuration.
- /etc/mail/: These are directories where the files used to configure the mail transport are found.
- /usr/lib/: Dedicated to the file library.
- /var/log/: FreeBDS log files.
disk organization
One of the main features that FreeBDS has is that it does not separate the files according to the extension, but it does it through the search for files by the name of the same, using for this upper and lower case letters. A clear example is README.TXT Y readme.txtwhich the OS considers separate.
As already…
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