A structured cabling is generally that laying of cables that are inside a enclosure or building and that it is installed with the aim of implementing a local area network. which is made up of a system of connectors, cables, conduits and devices.
These cables are intended to be able to send different signals capable of establishing a network connection. In addition, the installation of this wiring must comply with some requirementsKeep in mind that these depend on the place of residence.
Taking all this into account, here we are going to explain a little more about what this is type of wiring and what is its main function, among other important factors. To do this, carefully follow each of the details that we will explain below:
What is structured cabling and what is it used for in computing?
cabling structure is a cable laying that is located in the inside of a building with the aim of being able to implement a network connection, where its structure contains a combination of shielded or unshielded twisted pair cables, in these cases it is the SST and UTP. Sometimes they also contain coaxial and fiber optic cables, all these cables are capable of integrating data, video and voice services.
In general, the use of this type of system allows establish and create telecommunications infrastructures inside an enclosure or building, thus offering easy installation. Among one of its main advantages we find that it is standardized, which gives you an advantage over Providers and growth in a simpler way.
This allows this system can be installed without prior knowledge of the product to be used, as it lies unified to the computer and communication systems of any company. It can be used to establish either clean area or local area networks.
Accordingly, the vast majority of current buildings have to go through create a wiring structure inside it, what will become part of your system network and communication. These systems that are added to the infrastructure They have to be created in order to cover all the needs during a period of time. time from 20 to 25 years As minimum.
What are the most important elements of a structured cabling system?
This system has some elements that are essential for its development, in this case it is the horizontal, vertical cabling and the telecommunications room. Next, we explain a little more about each of them.
horizontal cabling
In this case, he is in charge of carrying or transmit the information from the floor distributor to the network users. work under the EIA/TIA 568A standardwhere it is also known as “That portion of the telecommunications wiring system that extends from the work area to the main telecommunications room.”
It is usually made up of a nucleus solid that is made of copperthis in order to avoid that this twist or damage. In addition, it is recommended that it be placed behind the walls, preventing the public from coming into contact with it.
This type of horizontal cabling includes the following elements:
- horizontal cables.
- mechanical termination.
- horizontal interconnections which must be located within the telecommunications room.
- outlets.
- connectors in the work area.
- Transition Cables and Connectors installed between the exit of the work area and the main room.
- Patch panels and cables which are used to configure the cable connections in the main room.
vertical cabling
It is also now known as backbone cablingand its main function is to be able create interconnections between the different equipment rooms, telecommunication rooms and service entrance rooms. It typically consists of risers, main and intermediate cross-connects, patch cords for cross-connects, or mechanical terminations.
This vertical system is in charge of carrying out what is the interconnection between the different telecommunication cabinets and equipment room. However, on this occasion this vertical system not as accessible or cheap as is the structure that is used in the system of horizontal cabling. But, it allows facilities independently for data and telephone.
By allowing to perform standalone installation allows that at the moment of wanting replace the backbone this does not require a high cost of service. Therefore, its modification turns out to be easier and cheaper for the inhabitants of the building.
The backbone includes the following elements:
- backbone pipelines can be so much vertical as horizontal between the different floors of the building.
- Includes a cable transmission medium.
- Have main and intermediate connection points crosses and mechanical terminations.
telecommunication room
East fourth is created and destined just for what it is the housing of all the elements that make up telecommunication system. That is to say, that in it they must find the switchesas well as all the centralized elements that circulate through horizontal sections to the workplace.
This space must have specific characteristics on which its operation depends, as well as its duration. Therefore, Here we show you which are the main characteristics to take into account when establishing this room:
- It must have a minimum height of 2.6 meters, this being the most recommended.
- ambient temperature must be between 18 and 24 °Cespecially if active equipment is owned there.
- has to have one humidity between 30% and 50%, In the event that this is not fulfilled, you must have a indoor humidity of 85%, but one temperature between 10 and 35°C.
- Its location should not mean no riskthat is, that it is not in a space that can be seen flooded before some natural event, nor that I can have some contact with the water inside. In addition, it is recommended to perform drainage channels in your floor.
- Must have a minimum of two electrical outlets insideone of them 110 V and another 15 A, each must have a completely different circuit.
- These rooms should be for treatment only telecommunication systems, that is, there should be no facilities that are not related to this.
Rules for the creation of structured cabling. How should it be done in Spain?
At the time of guarantee an infrastructure or the elaboration of a project over a wiring systemit is important that this is based under a set of rules which are established by a legal body involved in the development of these systems.
Compliance with each of these rules and considerations will make the operation and installation performance is correct and its optimal development can be guaranteed. Also, this will help reduce risks which may be detrimental to its operation.
With this in mind, then We explain what are these rules that must be taken into account when creating one of these systems:
ANSI/TIA/EIA-568-B
Telecommunications cabling in commercial buildings, TIA/EIA 568-B1 general requirements, TIA/EIA 568-B2 wiring components using a twisted pair, TIA/EIA 568-B3 fiber optic cabling component.
ANSI/TIA/EIA-569-A
Rules for routes and telecommunication space in commercial buildings on how to route the cable.
ANSI/TIA/EIA-570-A
Rules of residential and light commercial infrastructure of telecommunications.
ANSI/TIA/EIA-606-A
Standard of the infrastructure management in commercial buildings.
ANSI/TIA/EIA-607
Requirement for the installation of a telecommunications grounding system in commercial buildings.
ANSI/TIA/EIA-758
standard of Client-Owner outside plant cabling.
What is needed to create a cable system for a LAN network?
You may be interested in being able create a cable system for what is a LAN networkin this case you can do it as long as you have knowledge about what this is system and how it works.
Once you have this clear, you can perform the steps that we will teach you below:
Gather information
In this first process you have to collect all necessary information that you are going to use to work with the network. Therefore, if it is a residential building you must take into account database on inhabitants, apartments and other factors involved.
Planning
Once you have defined the previous point, the following will be draw up a plan that will help you decision making. In this case you must elaborate previous essays on structured cablingwhere the steps of location, design and quote of all implementations and resources to use.
It is important that when acquiring the necessary equipment, a standard or model for so avoid structural and functional accidents.
Negotiation
Keep in mind that when carrying legal business some parameters must be established which help to avoid problems in the future. Keep in mind that these parameters are directly related to the scale in which the network is located, since if it is a small network does not require many paperwork. But, in the case that it is from a most advanced network are needed technical certifications to guarantee its effectiveness.
Facility
Once all the previous steps have been completed, proceed with the facilityas this will allow this process to be much safer and more reliable.
quality verification
Once it finishes running structured cabling, it is important to verify its operation. This will help to know if there is any issue structural and functional. Once all this is verified, these problems should not affect the structural wiring during its operation.
The documentation
Once all of the above is done and to finish, it is important to do a detailed report of the status of the systemthis to have a base of the current operation with about possible failures that may occur in the future.
The most recommended is list each of the possible failures for so later alone review the document and solve them. It is important to ensure that the system is safe and reliable in order to ensure its quality.
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