The AstraZeneca vaccine already includes thrombosis as a very rare side effect. Furthermore, everything seems to indicate . Thus, it is key to know what these thromboses are and, above all, to know what their warning symptoms are and their treatment, even though it is known that
What is a thrombosis
The explains that a thrombus is a blood clot that forms in a blood vessel and stays there. An embolism, on the other hand, is a clot that travels from the site where it formed to another place in the body. The thrombus or embolism can occur in a vessel and obstruct blood flow to that location, preventing oxygen supply and blood flow to surrounding tissues. This can cause damage, destruction (infarction) and even death or necrosis of the tissues found in that area. Obviously, depending on where the obstruction occurs, the thrombosis or embolism will be more or less dangerous to compromise the life of the patient and the sequelae if he survives.
What thrombosis have been recorded by AstraZeneca and Janssen venous sinus vaccines
The Spanish Medicines Agency has included the new symptoms linked to the In particular, it indicates that after the administration of Vaxzevria (the AstraZeneca vaccine) thrombosis may appear in combination with thrombocytopenia, such as thrombosis in the cerebral venous sinuses, thrombosis of splanchnic veins (abdomen) and arterial thrombosis.
Regarding the Janssen vaccine, the six cases of thrombosis that have arisen in vaccinated individuals have all been recorded in the cerebral venous sinuses, which are venous spaces that drain blood from the brain and the skull bones.
What warning symptoms should those vaccinated with AstraZeneca and Janssen have?
These side effects have a very low incidence, however, the European Medicines Agency has appealed to health personnel and vaccinated people so that during the 14 days after receiving the vaccine. These indications are:
1. Shortness of breath
2. Chest pain
3. Swelling in the leg
4. Persistent abdominal pain
5. Neurological symptoms, including severe and persistent headaches or blurred vision
6. Small spots of blood under the skin beyond the injection site
**Note: in the specific case of warning symptoms in venous sinus thrombosis, the Spanish Society of Neurology explains that the most common symptom is headache. But in addition, in the vast majority of patients, this headache is accompanied by other symptoms similar to those of a stroke, such as: focal deficits, loss of strength or sustained sensitivity, gait disturbance or language or speech disturbance , confusional episodes, loss of vision..
How thrombosis is treated in vaccinated with AstraZeneca and Janssen
One of the explanations that has generated the most consensus regarding this is the one put forward by a group of German researchers from the University of Greifswald. His work has shown that these thromboembolic events resemble a known disorder, heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT).
Thus, his thesis is that the vaccine would induce a rare autoimmune reaction by which antibodies are generated against platelets, which would cause a powerful coagulation stimulus. The FDA has not yet explained the reason for these possible adverse reactions. However, in a statement they have stated that the treatment of this specific type of blood clot should not be with heparin. “Usually, an anticoagulant drug called heparin is used to treat blood clots. In this setting, heparin administration can be dangerous and alternative treatments are needed.”
In this way, Beverley Hunt, professor of thrombosis and hemostasis at King’s College London and representative of Thrombosis UK, told the media that the first step would be to administer a dose of intravenous gamma globulin, to block the effect of the antibodies that could be causing coagulation problems. Once the patient is stable, anticoagulant agents are continued, but not heparins.
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