The most important requirement to access a retirement pension is the prior contribution, which also serves to know the amount of the pension that the retiree is left with when his working life ends. It is for this reason that contribution breaks, those periods without work in which contributions are not made, can certainly be harmful if they occur in the worker’s last professional stage.
Two aspects must be taken into account. The first of these is that Social Security requires a general contribution period to access retirement (15 years) which seems affordable, but at the same time it also requires a specific contribution period which, in situations of long-term unemployment, does it can be something more conflictive: that two of the years take place in the last 15 before retirement.
And the second and most important: the , which ultimately determines the amount of the pension. In 2022 it is calculated with the contribution bases of the last 25 years, that is, the last 300 months. In this sense, contribution stops can be harmful, since they reduce the regulatory base and, in parallel, the amount of the pension to be collected after retirement.
But, given this, and aware of the difficulty of these situations, Social Security has a mechanism that grants some protection to workers who encounter this problem: the integration of gaps, through which the worker can fill in the periods without quote with fictitious bases but that count for the total calculation.
The Social Security that “if in the period to be taken to calculate the regulatory base months appear during which there is no obligation to contribute”, these blank periods will be replaced with fictitious regulatory bases that will depend on the following:
-The first 48 contribution bases are filled in with the minimum contribution base in force at any time.
-From base 49, this ‘gap’ will be filled with 50% of the minimum contribution base in force at any given time.
The regulatory base is therefore used to avoid the shock of those periods without contributions, but it is also useful for the stages in which part-time contributions have been made, since it can also be used to complete the periods for which contributions have been made. quoted below the minimum contribution base at that time and in any case to complete the contribution up to the minimum base.
Which workers can’t use loophole integration
However, this help from Social Security is not useful for all workers. The integration of lagoons may not be used by self-employed workers (RETA) or by workers of the Special Sea Regime, unlike workers of the General Regime.
In addition, workers integrated into the domestic employee system will only be able to benefit from the integration of gaps for the periods from 2018: in the previous ones, only the time actually worked can be counted.
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